Diuretics bụ ogige nke kemịkal dị iche iche nke, mgbe etinyere ya, na-enye aka n'iwepụ mmiri mmiri. Dabere na otu ọgwụ ọgwụ, mmetụta mamịrị bụ n'ihi ọtụtụ usoro ọrụ.
Diuretics kachasịkarị na ọgwụgwọ ọrịa nke akwara obi, akụrụ na akụkụ ndị ọzọ. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, ndị na-eme egwuregwu na-eji ha eme ihe ngwa ngwa wepụ mmiri mmiri ma nye ahụ ike.
Gịnị bụ diuretics maka?
Ndị na-eme egwuregwu na-eji diuretics ewepu mmiri si n'ahụ. Mmetụta ahụ na-enye gị ohere belata oke ọbara n'ime arịa ndị ahụ. A na-eji ihe a eme ihe iji belata ọbara mgbali elu na ndị nwere ọbara mgbali elu. N’adịghị ala ala obi, enwere mmebi nke ọrụ mgbapụta nke obi na ịda mba n’obere na nnukwu okirikiri nrugharị ọbara. A na-egosiputa foto a na-adakarị site na edema nke akụkụ ala na ihu, ọdịdị nke mkpụmkpụ nke ume na wheezing moist, nke kpebisiri ike site na auscultation nke ngụgụ. Iri diuretics ga - enyere gi aka iwepu oke mmiri mmiri ma belata mgbaàmà nke CHF.
A na-eji osmotic na loop diuretics eme ihe iji mee ka ahụ dịghachi mma iji gbochie ma gbochie edema na ụbụrụ ụbụrụ.
Ọzọkwa, a na-enye ọgwụ diuretics dịka ọgwụgwọ nhichapụ maka nsị na nnu nke nnukwu ọla, ọgwụ, ọgwụ na ọgwụ ndị ọzọ. Edere ha n'ihe banyere mmepe nke cirrhosis decompensated, nke ejiri ọbara mgbali elu. Ọgwụ ndị ahụ na-ekpochapụ ma ọ bụ belata ike nke edema, wepu mmiri si oghere ime afọ na ascites dị oke.
Ọ dị mkpa ị takeụ diuretics maka eclampsia, ọnọdụ nchịkwa nke na-amalite na ụmụ nwanyị n'oge ime ime ma ọ bụ ịmụ nwa. Ọrịa ahụ na-egosipụta onwe ya dị ka mmụba dị egwu na ọbara mgbali, nke na-eduga n'ọrịa na-egbu mgbu na ọgba aghara nke ụbụrụ megide ndabere nke edema. Ngwọta dị mgbagwoju anya, na mgbakwunye na ịkọwa ọgwụ mamịrị, ọkachasị osmotic, gụnyere ikuku ventilat, nyocha ọbara mgbali, enyemaka nke ọbara mgbali elu site na iji ọgwụ ọgwụ magnesium sulfate, na usoro mgbapụta.
Nrịbawanye na nrụgide intraocular (glaucoma) bụ ihe ngosi maka iji ndị na-eme ihe na-eme ka anhydrase carbon. A na-emepụta enzyme n'ọtụtụ anụ ahụ, gụnyere ahụ ciliary. Topical ngwa nke diuretic n'ụdị tụlee na-egbochi ngosipụta nke glaucoma.
Varicose veins na-esonyere mmepe nke edema, ya mere, mmụba nke mmamịrị site na iji ọgwụ eme ihe na-ebelata mgbaàmà nke ọrịa ahụ ma gbochie nsogbu.
Gịnị kpatara ndị na-eme egwuregwu ji achọ ịba ọgaranya?
A na-ejikarị diuretics eme ihe na ndị na-eme egwuregwu na bodybuilders. Ojiji nke diuretics na - eduga na mkpochapu nke mmiri mmiri, nke nwere ọ bụghị naanị n'ọbara na anụ ahụ, kamakwa na anụ ahụ dị n'okpuru subcutaneous. N'ihi mmetụta dị otú ahụ, ahụ na-enweta ahụ efe na mpụga.
Usoro nri, nke gụnyere nnu na mmiri pere mpe, na-egosi nsonaazụ ogologo oge, ebe ọgwụ ọjọọ na-enye gị ohere ị nweta nsonaazụ achọrọ. Nke a bụ eziokwu karịsịa n'abalị nke asọmpi ahụ.
Drugsakingụ ọgwụ ọjọọ nwere ike ịbụ nne na nna, ya bụ, site na iwebata sirinji n'ime akwara. Ngwa a na-enye mmetụta ọsọ ọsọ. Otú ọ dị, usoro a nwere ike ibute oke ọbara mgbali elu, arụ ọrụ ụbụrụ na nsogbu ndị ọzọ. Ndị na-eme egwuregwu na-ahọrọ mbadamba ọgwụ mamịrị, ebe ọ bụ na nchịkwa dị otú ahụ nke ọgwụ ahụ na-eme ka nsị nke ihe nọ n'ọrụ na mmetụta dị nro dị nro.
Ọtụtụ ndị ọkachamara na-eme egwuregwu na-arịa ọrịa metabolic nke nchịkọta urea, ozu ketone, uric acid; ya mere, iji diuretics bụ usoro iji gbochie ụdị ọrịa ahụ.
Nkuzi na usoro omume nke diuretics
Nhazi nke diuretics di iche na agwa ogwu.
Diuretics nke na - akwalite nsị nke mmiri na - emeghị ihe na - eme ka ụzarị ion reabsorption ghara ịdị mma:
Loopback
Loop diuretics kacha dị irè. Isi ihe eji etinye ọgwụ bụ akụkụ dị oke mkpa nke akụkụ ịrị elu nke akụrụ nke Henle. Ha na-ebelata nkwụghachi nke sodium, potassium na chlorine site na igbochi usoro njem. Tinyere ndị electrolytes e depụtara, ndị ọrụ ahụ na-ewepu calcium na magnesium n'iche ndị na-enweghị isi, agbanyeghị, usoro ọgwụgwọ n'ezie nwere ike ibute hypomagnesemia. Ojiji dị ogologo oge na-eduga na mmelite na nrugharị ọbara akụrụ, ya mere, a na-eji ha ezughi oke nke ngwa glomerular.
N'ime ọgwụ dị na otu a: Furosemide, Lasix, Bumex, Ethacrynic acid, Torasemide.
Thiazide
Ihe eji emepụta Thiazide na-emetụta usoro metabolic nke ion na akụkụ mbụ nke mgbagwoju anya nke nephron. Ọgwụ ndị ahụ na-egbochi protein ndị akọwapụtara nke na-eme ka enwetaghachi sodium na chlorine. Mmetụta a na-eduga na mmụba nke nsị nke mmiri na electrolytes site na ahụ. Ọzọkwa, thiazide diuretics na-egbochi imirikiti carbonic anhydrase, nke na-eme ka mmetụta diuretic dịkwuo mma.
Ọgwụ dị na otu a: Naklex, Dichlorothiazide.
Potassium na-echekwa
Mkpụrụ ọgwụ na-egbu ọgwụ nke potassium na-eme ihe na ngalaba ọnụ nke tubules distal, yana usoro nnakọta. N'agbanyeghị mmetụta na-adịghị ike, a na-ejikarị ọgwụ diuretics nke otu ọgwụ a eme ihe na ọgwụ n'ihi usoro ọrụ ha pụrụ iche. Ọgwụ ndị ahụ na-eme ka nsị nke sodium dịkwuo elu, ma n'otu oge ahụ na-ejigide potassium na magnesium, nke na-egbochi ụkọ nke electrolytes n'ọbara, na, n'ihi ya, nsogbu nke obi.
Ndepụta a gụnyere Spironolactone, Veroshpiron, Triamteren.
Mee ma ọ bụ ghara ịbụ ndị mmegide aldosterone. Nke mbụ gụnyere Spironolactone, Veroshpiron. Nke a pụtara na ọrụ ọgwụgwọ ya dị elu, ọkwa dị elu na mmepụta na ahụ nke aldosterone (hormone mineralocorticosteroid nke adrenal cortex mepụtara). Ihe a na-akwalite reabsorption sodium. Ọgwụ nke otu a na-egbochi asọmpi hormone ahụ, na-ewepụ ya site na njikọ ya na ndị na-edozi protein. Ndị na-emegide Aldosterone na-ebelata reabsorption nke ion ion sodium, si otú a na-emewanye nsị nke mmiri si n'ahụ.
Osmotic
Ha na-eme ihe na lumen nke nephron tubules. Ọgwụ na-emepụta nrụgide dị elu nke mmiri ka mmiri ghara ịlaghachi n'ime ọbara ma wepụ ya n'ahụ. Na mgbakwunye, ọgwụ ndị ahụ na-atụnye ụtụ na akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ nke anụ ahụ, gụnyere ndị nke ihe mgbochi histohematogenous na-echebe. A na-eji atụmatụ a ewepụ akpa ume na ụbụrụ ụbụrụ.
N'ime ọgwụ ndị dị na otu a, ọ bara uru ịkọwa Mannitol.
Mgbochi ndị na-egbochi anhydrase
Ha na - eduga na mmebi nke absorption nke bicarbonate, nke na - eme ka ntọhapụ nke ion sodium na mmiri na - abawanye.
Ndị otu a gụnyere Diakarb, Fonurit.
Ebere
Diuresis na-abawanye site na inactivating sodium transport system. Mbelata nke ion reabsorption na-eduga na mmiri na-ekpochapụ mmiri na akụrụ. E nwere tiori na ọgwụ nke otu ọgwụ a na-emetụtakwa akwara akụrụ. A na-ede ọgwụ ahụ ma ọ bụrụ na enweghị ike nke ụzọ ndị ọzọ, ebe ọ bụ na diuretics mercury dị oke nsi.
N'ime ọgwụ ndị a bụ Novurit, Merkuzal.
Nhọpụta nke ụfọdụ diuretics dabere na ọrịa na-akpata. N'ụfọdụ, a na-ejikọ ọtụtụ ụzọ iji mezuo mmetụta pụtara ìhè.
Na egwuregwu, ndị na-eme egwuregwu na-ejikarị loop na ọgwụ thiazide eme ihe, ebe ha na-egosi ngwa ngwa mmetụta diuretic. A na - ahụkarị ndị na - egbochi ihe ndị na - eme ka Potassium - iji ha eme ihe na - edugakarị na - enye nsogbu.
Top diuretics kacha mma na 2018
Furosemide bụ ihe kachasị dị irè n'etiti diuretics loop. A na-ahụ ọgwụ ahụ site na ngwa ngwa ngwa ngwa. N'ọgwụ ahụike, a na-eji ọgwụ ahụ dị ka ụgbọ ihe mberede iji kpochapụ oke edema, mgbaàmà siri ike nke nkụda obi na-adịghị ala ala na edema nke ụbụrụ na ngụgụ.
Mmetụta pụtara ìhè na otu diuretics nke na-ewepụ potassium bụ nke onye na-emegide aldosterone bụ Veroshpiron. Ọgwụ ahụ na-ezere ọnọdụ ọrịa nke ụkọ electrolyte kpatara, mana mmetụta a na-ahụ anya na-enweta nwayọ nwayọ karịa mgbe ị na-eji diuretics loop. Na nke abụọ, ịnwere ike itinye Amiloride.
Onye ndu n’etiti diuretics thiazide bu Hydrochlorothiazide. Ngwaọrụ na-ewepu mmiri nke ọma site na igbochi reabsorption nke electrolytes. Ọgwụ ahụ nwere mmetụta dị nro ziri ezi yana mmetụta ogologo oge.
Omenala diuretics
Fọdụ ọgwụ ọdịnala nwere mmetụta mamịrị mmadụ.
- Iji wepu mmiri dị ukwuu n’ahụ, a na-eji decoctions nke birch epupụta. Iji kwadebe ọgwụ ahụ, a wụsara mmiri 300 nke mmiri esi mmiri otu ngaji nke osisi a mịrị amị wee sie ike ruo nkeji iri atọ. Were 100 ml nke ngwaahịa ahụ otu ụbọchị maka otu izu.
- Ihe ngosi diuretic gosiputara site na tincture nke edobere na ndabere nke bearberry, yana lingonberry na akwukwo nkpuru osisi vaịn.
- Green tii enwekwu mmamịrị mmepụta. Nwere ike ịgbakwunye mint, birch, currant ma ọ bụ akwụkwọ greepu na ihe ọ drinkụ drinkụ iji mee ka mmetụta ahụ dịkwuo mma.
- Canfọdụ ọgwụgwọ ndị mmadụ nwere ike zụrụ na ahịa ọgwụ, dịka ọmụmaatụ, Kanefron, nke nwere ihe ọkụkụ - centaury, rosemary na lovage.
Ihe ngosi
A na-egosi ịureụ ọgwụ mamịrị maka:
- ọbara mgbali elu;
- edema;
- glaucoma dị ka ọgwụgwọ ma ọ bụ nkwadebe maka ịwa ahụ ophthalmic;
- preeclampsia na eclampsia maka enyemaka nke ọbara mgbali elu;
- ọrịa akụrụ na-adịghị ala ala.
Nkwekọrịta
A na-eme ka ị diụ ọgwụ na-agwọ mamịrị bụrụ nke:
- nnukwu akụrụ odida, Bilie anuria;
- igbochi ntụgharị nke mmamịrị nke etiology ọ bụla;
- mmụba nke nrụgide na akwara nke karịrị 10 mm Hg;
- hypertrophic cardiomyopathy;
- nsogbu electrolyte;
- akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ megide ịkọ agbọ, afọ ọsịsa na ọrịa ndị ọzọ.
A naghị atụ aro ka ịbawanye diuresis na nnukwu infarction myocardial, ụbụrụ ụbụrụ ụbụrụ, ọrịa shuga na-enweghị ọgwụgwọ, na ọrịa autoimmune.
N'ime afọ ime, edepụtara diuretics sitere na otu thiazide, mana na mbido, a na-eji otu ọgwụ ndị ọzọ eme ihe. Ọtụtụ ọmụmụ ihe ọmụmụ egosiwo na mbelata olu nke ịgbasa ọbara megide ndabere nke iji diuretics, ihe egwu nke ịmalite gestosis na-abawanye.
Mmetụta dị n'akụkụ
Mmetụta kachasị emetụta bụ mmepe nke hypokalemia mgbe ị na-ewere thiazide na loop diuretics. Adịghị nhọta electrolyte a na - ebute arrhythmias. Furosemide na analogues na-egosi ototoxic utịp, ya bụ, ha na-ebelata ntị. Nke a na - eme n'ihi nsogbu na nghọta nke ihe na - eme ka ụda dị n'ime ntị dị n'ime ya n'ihi mgbanwe ngbanwe nke electrolyte. Mgbe a kwụsịrị ọgwụ ahụ, arụ ọrụ nyocha ga-eweghachi. Thiazide diuretics na-eme ka ohere nke glaucoma ma ọ bụ myopia na-adịghị agafe agafe.
Osmotic ọgwụ nwere ike ibute oke akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ, nke gosipụtara site na akpụkpọ akọrọ, akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ, nsụhọ na-adịghị mma, na mbelata ọbara mgbali na oke akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ. Enwekwara ike ịzụlite ụkọ electrolyte, ụfụ obi n'ụdị angina pectoris.
Na nzaghachi maka ị diụ ọgwụ na-egbu egbu, ihe nfụkasị ahụ nwere ike ịmalite.
Iji ọgwụ ọjọọ eme ihe mgbe nile site na otu ndị na-emegide aldosterone na-akpata nhazi nke gynecomastia na nrụrụ erectile na ụmụ nwoke, infertility and disorders of the ovarian cycle in women.
Iji zere nsogbu, ị ga-akpachara anya gụọ ntuziaka maka iji ọgwụ. Doụfe oke na-eyi egwu na nsonaazụ dị egwu sitere na akụkụ ahụ.
Slimming diuretics
Ojiji diuretics maka ọnwụ ọnwụ bụ echiche na-ezighị ezi nke na-edugakarị na nsonaazụ dị egwu. Usoro nke omume nke diuretics bu mkpochapu mmiri site na aru, ya mere, mgbe ewepuru ha, ibu ahu na-ebelata n'ihi mmụba nke diuresis.
Indapamide nwere ike ịbawanye ihe nzuzo nke prostaglandins a kapịrị ọnụ, nke na-eduga na mbelata nke ịta ahụhụ nke lipoproteins dị ala na ọbara, ya bụ, cholesterol, nke na-akpata nguzobe nke atherosclerotic plaques. Mana mmetụta a enweghị ihe jikọrọ ya na ọnwụ ọnwụ, megidere nkwenye ndị mmadụ.
Nke a pụtara na ojiji nke diuretics anaghị ebute nsonaazụ achọrọ, ebe ọ bụ na ọnwụ nha na-apụta naanị n'ihi nsị nke mmiri. Intakeụ ọgwụ na -eme ndị mmadụ oge niile iji na-anata ọgwụ ọ bụla na-enweghị ihe kpatara ya, na-ebute ihe ize ndụ nke ịmalite mmetụta ndị achọghị.
Ofdị diuretics maka ndị egwuregwu
Loop diuretics siri ike. Ihe eji eme ha na pharmacokinetics site na ngwa ngwa intestinal absorption. A na-enweta ihe kachasị dị na ọkara otu awa ma jiri mmụba nke mmamịrị na ọnwụ ngwa ngwa nke ahụ. The thiazide diuretic otu na-etinye obi gị dum ubé ogologo, mmetụta bụ milder karịa nke loop ọgwụ. Otu ndi ogwu a ka nma ka ndi ozo n’etiti ndi n’egwuregwu n’ihi onodu oghom di obere.
- Na bodybuilding, ojiji nke Furosemide ana achi achipu ngwa ngwa nke mmiri site na subcutaneous fatty anụ ahụ, nke na - eduga na mgbanwe mpụga - ahụ na - apụtawanye ìhè. A na-atụ aro ka ị jiri ọgwụ na pill n'ụdị iji zere nsogbu. A na-arụpụta ihe ahụ n'ime nkeji iri atọ mgbe ị gwọchara ọgwụ ahụ, oge ọrụ ahụ dịgasị site na nkeji 90 ruo elekere atọ. Bumetanide nwere ogologo ọrụ. Dị ka a na-achị, a na-eji ya mgbe Furosemide adịghị arụ ọrụ.
- Ngwurugwu ahihia Canephron, nke gunyere centaury, rosemary na lovage, kwesịrị ekwesị maka iji ya mee ihe, ebe ọ na-akpata mmetụta diuretic dị nro.
N'oge na-adịbeghị anya, ihe mgbakwunye pụrụ iche maka ndị na-eme egwuregwu na-enweta ewu ewu, nke nwere diuretic, vitamin na electrolytes. Ndị a gụnyere:
- Hydrazide si MuscleTech
- Xpel si MHP;
- Oge ngosi site na SciVation.
Hydrazide nke MuscleTech
Nchikota nke ihe oriri n'egwuregwu na diuretics n'oge dị mkpirikpi na-enye ndị na-eme egwuregwu ahụ ahụ efe.
Wayzọ iji zoo nri steroid nke anabolic
Ekwenyere na ịmịpụ mmiri si n'ahụ nwere ike iwepu metabolites e guzobere n'oge mmebi nke steroid nke anabolic. Nkwupụta a bụ akụkọ ifo, ebe ọ bụ na a na-etinye ọtụtụ doping n'ime anụ ahụ yana enweghị ike ịmịpụ ya na mmiri.
Ojiji nke ndị ọrụ nkpuchi na-ewu ewu n'etiti ndị na-eme egwuregwu:
- Probenecid bụ ihe nnọchite anya nke na-eme ka excretion nke uric acid dị elu. Iji na-emeso gout.Otú ọ dị, n'egwuregwu ọ na-egbochi ya site na usoro mgbochi doping, ebe ọ bụ na onye ọrụ ahụ na-akwalite mkpochapụ steroid site na ahụ.
- Epitestosterone bụ ihe dị n'etiti nke etolitere n'oge metabolism nke testosterone. Ojiji nke ọgwụ ndị na-emepụta ihe na-egbochi nchọpụta nke oriri steroid nke anabolic.
Iji zoo eziokwu nke doping, ndị na-eme egwuregwu na-eji ogige polycyclic - ụfọdụ ọgwụ nje, ọgwụ mgbochi na-adabere na bromantane.
