Ihe ndekọ ụwa Marathon

Ogologo marathon pụrụ iche nwere ogologo nke kpọmkwem 42 km 195 m, nke a bụ oke elu dị ịtụnanya, ebe ọtụtụ ndị na-agba ọsọ marathon si n'akụkụ ụwa niile arịgoro.

Iji ghọọ onye na-agba ọsọ marathon chọrọ ọtụtụ afọ na ọzụzụ ezi uche dị na ya, marathon dị ka ịdọ aka ná ntị n'ozuzu e guzobere na 1896, naanị mgbe ahụ ka naanị ụmụ nwoke sonyere ebe ahụ.

Nkọwa nke marathon 42 km

Marathon 42 km 195 maara nke ọma ụmụ amaala niile nke ụwa, usoro ọzụzụ egwuregwu pụrụ iche bilitere na 1896 maka ụmụ nwoke yana na 1984 maka ụmụ nwanyị, ya bụ, otu narị afọ mgbe e mesịrị. Marathon n'ozuzu ya bu ogologo oge, nke gunyere igba oso ma obu ebe di egwu.

Isi mmalite nke marathon laghachiri na Gris oge ochie, mgbe onye agha Greek nwere ike iweta akụkọ banyere mmeri ndị Gris na ndị agbata obi ya, mgbe ahụ ọ gbara ọsọ 34.5 kilomita ruo Atens. Onye agha a gbanahụrụ ebe Marathon, ebe agha ahụ n'onwe ya.

Egwuregwu Olympic kachasị ama na nke mbụ mere na 1896 na Athens, bụ ebe onye mmeri mbụ bụ onye Gris gosipụtara nsonaazụ ọsọ dị mma, ọ bụ ezie na ọ na-eji doping n'ụdị mmanya, nke mere ka akpịrị kpọọ ya nkụ.

Gịnị bụ nkwadebe marathon

Gba ọsọ marathon dị otú a siri ike ma buru ibu na-achọ nkwadebe dị mma na ogologo dị ka atụmatụ ahụ si dị, ma hụkwa na ị ga-agba ọsọ oge niile nke 1 km, 3 km, 5 km, yana 10 km, wee gabazie dịka usoro a si dị. Ọ ga-ekwe omume ịgba ọsọ ma na ogige ma na ama egwuregwu, ọ dịghị ọzụzụ dị mgbagwoju anya achọrọ, ihe omume ndị a kwesịrị ịbụ ihe ọ funụ na ọ andụ.

I nwekwara ike iji sọftụwia teknụzụ dị iche iche, ọ nwere ike ịbụ ụdị metronome egwu etinyere na ama. Ọ dịkwa mma ịnweta hydrometer na nyocha nke obi nke ga-agwa gị mgbe ị ga-akwụsị ma drinkụọ mmiri, yana ị ga-ezumike obere oge n'okporo ụzọ, ọ bụrụ na ị ga-agba 50-60 kilomita maka ụbọchị 7, mgbe ahụ, enweghị nsogbu na marathon 42.

Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ụwa

N'ime ụmụ nwanyị, Olympic

1. XXIII Olympiad - 1984 Los Angeles, Joan Benoit Ebe mbụ 2:24:52 USA
2. XXIV Olympiad - 1988, Seoul, Rosa Maria mota Correia DOS Santos, 2:25:40, Portugal
3. XXV Olympiad - 1992 Barcelona, ​​Valentina Egorova, CIS, 2:32:41
4. XXVI Olympiad - 1996, Atlanta, Fatuma Roba, Etiopia, 2:26:05
5. XXVII Olympiad - 2000, Sydney, Takahashi, Japan, 2:23:14
6. XXVIII Olympiad - 2004, Athens, Mizuki, Japan, 2:26:20
7. XXIX Olympiad - 2008, Beijing, Constantin Tomescu, Romania, 2:26:44
8. XXX Olympiad - 2012, London, Tiki Gelana, Etiopia, 2:23:07
9. Egwuregwu Olympic XXXI - 2016, Rio de Janeiro, Kipchoge, Kenya, 2:08:44

N'ime nwoke, Olympic

1. I Olympiad Epril 6-15, 1896, Athens, Spiridon Louis, Greece, 2:58
2. II Olympiad 1900, Paris, Michel Johann Theato, Luxembourg, 2:59:45
3. III Olympiad 1904, St. Louis, Thomas J. Hicks, USA, 3:28:53
4. IV Olympiad 1908, London, Joe Joseph Heys, USA, 2:55:19
5. V Olympiad 1912, Stockholm Mcarthur, 2:36:54
6. VII Olympiad (1920, Antwerp, Hannes Kolehvfinen, Finland, 2:32:35)
7. Nke Asatọ Olympiad (1924, Paris, Albin Oskar Stenrus, Finland, 2:41:23)
8. IX Olympiad (1928, Amsterdam, Mohamed Bougera Ouafi, France, 2:29:01
9. X Olympiad (1932, Los Angeles, Juan Carlos Zabala, Argentina, 2:31:36)
10. XI Olympiad (1936, Berlin, Kitay nwa, Japan, 2:29:19
11. XIII Olympiad (1948, London, Delfo Carbero, Argentina, 2:34:52
12. XV Olympiad (1952, Helsinki, Emil Zatopek, Czechoslovakia, 2:23:03)
13. XVI Olympiad (1956, Melbourne), Alena Ohara Mimone, France, 2:26:00
14. XVII Olympiad (1960, Rome), Abeb Bikila, Etiopia, 2:15:16
15. XVIII Olympiad (1964, Tokyo), Abebe Bikila, Etiopia, 2:12:11
16. XIX Olympiad (1968, Mexico City), Mamo Wolde, Etiopia, 2:20:26
17. XX Olympiad (1972, Munich), Frank Shorter, USA, 2:12:19
18. XXI Olympiad (1976, Montreal), Waldemar Kerpinski, East Germany, 2:09:55
19. XXII Olympiad (1980, Moscow), Waldemar Kempinski, GDR, 2:11:03
20. XXIII Olympiad (1984, Los Angeles), Carlos Alberpto Lopez Sousa, Potrugalia, 2:09:21
21. XXIV Olympiad (1984, Seoul), Gelindo Bordin, Italy, 2:10:32
22. XXV Olympiad (1992, Barcelona), Nwa-cho Hwang, Korea, 2:13:23
23. XXVI Olympiad (1996, Atlanta), Josiah Chugwane, Africa, 2:12:36
24. XXVII Olympiad - 2000, Sydney, G. Abera, Etiopia, 2:10:11
25. XXVIII Olympiad - 2004, Athens, St. Baldini, 2:10
26. XXIX Olympiad - 2008, Beijing, Samuel Kamu Wansiru, Kenya, 2:06:32
27. XXX Olympiad - 2012, London, Steven Kiprogich, Uganda, 2:08:01
28. XXXI Olympiad - 2016, Rio de Janeiro, Eliud Kipchogi, Kenya, 2:08:44

Ihe ndekọ ụwa na marathon ụmụ nwanyị

Taa, nchịkọta ụwa niile na marathon 42 kilomita bụ nke onye egwuregwu Britain bụ Radcliffe, onye kpuchiri anya na 2 awa 15 nkeji. Ihe ndekọ dị otú a ka J. Radcliffe mere na 2003 n’April, ọ bụ mgbe ahụ ka ihe omume a pụrụ iche mere, nke ghọrọ nke a maara ebe nile taa, ọ bụ ndekọ ụwa ma ha enweghị ike iti ya.

Radcliffe lụrụ asọmpi na mgbe ahụ na British Marathon, ebe ọ rụchara ọrụ dị ịtụnanya, na-eju ndị mmadụ anya na London na agbụrụ ya. Jane nwetara ọkwa dị elu mgbe ọ dị ihe dị ka afọ iri atọ, na tupu nke ahụ, na 2012, ọ mere ndekọ abụọ n'otu oge, 1st na London na 2-1 na Chicago. Taa onye egwuregwu a bụ ọkaibe na ogologo njem n'ozuzu, yana n'okporo ụzọ awara awara na ọsọ dịgasị iche iche siri ike gafere.

Banyere onye na-agba ọsọ

A mụrụ Jane na Cheshire na Davenham, site na nwata ọ bụ nwa na-esighi ike nke tara ahụhụ nke ukwuu na ụkwara ume ọkụ, ọ bidoro igwu egwuregwu n'okpuru nduzi na nlekọta nke nna ya, onye ọsọ a ma ama n'oge ahụ. Ihe ịga nke ọma mbụ ya bịara na 1992, mgbe ọ ghọrọ onye mmeri, na 1997 ọ natakwara ọlaọcha na nnukwu egwuregwu mba.

Na 1998 na 2003 ọ bụ onye mmeri na obe na mba Europe, na mgbakwunye, o sonyere n'egwuregwu Olympic kemgbe 1996, n'agbanyeghị na ọ rịgobeghị karịa ebe 4, yana na 2002, 2003 na 2005 ọ ghọrọ onye mbụ marathons a ma ama. America na London.

O setịpụrụ ihe ndekọ ụwa pụrụ iche na 2003 na London Marathon, nke ọ gbara na 2: 15: 25. Taa ọ bi na Monaco, lụrụ Radcliffe kemgbe 2001, nwere nwa nwanyị, Isla, onye amụrụ na 2007, na 2010 nwa nwoke ọzọ, Raphael, pụtara, taa Radcliffe alaala ezumike nká.

Kedu ka asọmpi ahụ dị

Ihe omume pụrụ iche na ndụ Jane Radcliffe mere na 2003 n’abalị iri na atọ nke ọnwa Eprel, mgbe ọ gbara asọmpi marandọn nke ụmụ nwanyị ma mechaa n’ihu ndị Britain nwere ịnụ ọkụ n’obi, na-eme ndekọ pụrụ iche. A na-eme Marathon London a kwa afọ na Britain ma ọ bụ otu n'ime isii kachasị na ụwa.

Egwuregwu marathon bụ nke kachasị ọsọ, nke kachasị mma ma dị larịị, ụzọ ahụ na-aga London site na ọwụwa anyanwụ ruo Blackheath, wee gafere Woolwich na Charlton na ọdịda anyanwụ ọdịda anyanwụ na Greenwich na gafere Thames na Buckingham Obí. Jane Radcliffe mere ndekọ pụrụ iche nke akabeghị aka na afọ niile nke asọmpi ahụ.

Ndekọ ụwa na marathon ndị nwoke

Ihe ndekọ pụrụ iche nke ụwa maka marathon n'etiti ụmụ nwoke taa bụ nke onye na-eme egwuregwu Dennis Quimetto si Kenya, bụ onye kpuchiri anya nke 42 kilomita na naanị 2 awa na 2 nkeji, nke a bụ na 2014.

Ọ bụ ama mara nnukwu Berlin, ebe onye Kenya mebiri ndekọ ochie nke Wilson Kipsang mere n'afọ gara aga, na 2014 enweela ihe karịrị puku mmadụ iri anọ. Ugbua ka ọ dị n'etiti etiti a, Quimetto jidere ndị isi asaa, bụ ndị ha buru ụzọ gbaa ọsọ wee rute ha, ọ ghọtalarị ihe ndekọ ụwa ga-eme na njedebe nke onwe ya.

Banyere onye na-agba ọsọ

Dennis Quimetto mere n'ezie ihe omume pụrụ iche, dịka nwoke gbara ọsọ marathon siri ike maka oge mbụ n'ime awa abụọ na nkeji abụọ.

Site na mmeri a, onye na-agba ọsọ marathon si Kenya dere aha ya na akụkọ egwuregwu nke akwụkwọ ozi ọla edo, nke bụ ihe dị ịrịba ama nye ụwa. N'ebe a Quimetto were ngwa ngwa were ọsọ ma doo anya nye onye ọ bụla na akwụkwọ ndekọ ụwa ochie ga-eyi egwu n'ezie.

Marathon nke a adịworị nke anọ maka onye Kenya, nke o meriri n'ime mmadụ atọ ahụ. Dennis kwenyesiri ike na na Berlin 2014 ọ ga-agbaji ndekọ ochie nke onye otu ya Wilson wee mee ga-agba ọsọ karịa 2:03:00. O kwuru n'ụzọ doro anya na ọ bụrụ na ihu igwe na Berlin dị mma, mgbe ahụ ihe ndekọ ahụ ga-abụ nke ya, Dennis Quimetto kwuru banyere nke a na mbụ.

Kedu ka marathon si dị

Marathon nke Berlin na-emekarị na Septemba n'isi obodo ma bụrụkwa nke abụọ kachasị ukwuu n'ụwa; ugbu a, ihe karịrị puku mmadụ iri anọ sitere na mba ụwa 120 na-esonye ebe a. Ebe dị anya ebe a bụ ọdịnala, na mbido n'onwe ya gara n'isi obodo Germany, tinyere ogologo ụzọ a, enwere ihe karịrị otu nde ndị otu egwu na otu egwu.

Oge ezumike a nwere ụdị dị ịtụnanya, na mbụ e nwere ndị isi asaa, ọ bụ ezie na site na akara 30 kilomita, ọ bụ naanị mmadụ atọ fọdụrụ. Lee Quimetto nọgidere na-agba ọsọ n'ụzọ doro anya ma nwee ntụkwasị obi ma gafere otu ọkwa ahụ na Mutai, ma na 38 kilomita ọ ghọrọ onye mbụ wee rute ndị ọgba ọsọ marathon niile.

Mgba ọsọ zuru oke nke kilomita 42 na 195 m bụ mmalite pụrụ iche na nke pụrụ iche, ebe ọtụtụ chọrọ ịrịgo opekata mpe na ndụ ha. Naanị isonye na marathon ọ chọrọ ịbịaru oge a n'echeghị echiche, na-akwadebe maka azụmahịa a, onye na-agba ọsọ marathon ga-amata nke ọma ihe ịgba ọsọ bụ.

Onye ọ bụla dị otú ahụ ga-enwerịrị nnabata site na dọkịta, ọ bụ ezie na mgbochi afọ anaghị anọ ebe niile, ya bụ, ị nwere ike ịghọ onye na-agba ọsọ marathon ọbụlagodi na ịka nká.

Lelee vidiyo ahụ: JACOB KIPLIMO IMPOSSIBLE 57:59 HALF MARATHON WORLD RECORD ATTEMPT: Valencia 2020 (April 2025).