Mgbu Meniscus Knee - Ọgwụgwọ na Ndozi

Egwuregwu mmerụ ahụ

1K 0 03/22/2019 (nyochagharị ikpeazụ: 07/01/2019)

Mgbapu nke meniscus nke ikpere ikpere bụ imebi iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe nke cartilage pụrụ iche n'ime nkwonkwo nke otu aha ahụ, nke na-eme dị ka ihe mgbochi na ihe na-awụ akpata oyi.

Ozi Izugbe

Menisci bụ akụkụ cartilaginous a na-ahụkarị n'ime nkwonkwo ikpere, n'agbata akụkụ nke femur na tibia. Emebere ya site na eriri nke collagen pụrụ iche. Site na pasent:

• collagen - 65 ± 5%;
• extracellular matriks ndi na-edozi - 10 ± 3%;
• elastin - 0,6 ± 0,05%.

N'ime usoro cartilage nke ọ bụla enwere mpaghara uhie - mpaghara nwere arịa ọbara.

Ikesa meniscus mpụta na mpụta. Ekere nke obula n'ime aru, n'ihu na mpi azu. Ha na-arụ ọrụ dị ka ndị na-adọrọ adọrọ na-atụ ụjọ, na-ekesa nnukwu ibu na nrụgide kọntaktị ma na-eme ka nkwonkwo ahụ dị ike n'oge ntụgharị. Mmeris Meniscus bụ ọrịa na-ahụkarị na ndị agadi 17-42 na-arụsi ọrụ ike ma ọ bụ na-arụsi ọrụ ike. Mkpịsị ụkwụ ikpere aka ekpe na aka nri na-emebi n'otu oge. Ruptures nke meniscus na-atụgharị uche na-eme ugboro 3 karịa akụkụ. Mgbanwe nke menisci dị obere. Mụ nwoke na-emerụ ahụ karịa ụmụ nwanyị. Ọgwụgwọ na-agbanwe agbanwe ma ọ bụ na-arụ ọrụ.

Osh joshya - stock.adobe.com

Etiology

Ihe na-akpata mmerụ ahụ bụ n'ihi nrụgide ọrụ. Nwere ike isonyere ya na ịgbatị ume akwa ma ọ bụ ịdọka adọ. Ọtụtụ mgbe ha bụ:

• Nchikota jikọtara ọnụ, nke nwere ntụgharị dị nkọ nke ukwu ụkwụ:
  • n'ime - na-eduga na ngbanwe nke meniscus mpụga;
  • n'èzí - na mgbapu nke n'ime cartilage guzobere.
• Mgbatị dị ukwuu ma ọ bụ mgbatị nke nkwonkwo, ma ọ bụ mgbatị na mberede ma ọ bụ mmegharị mmegharị.
• Na-agba ọsọ na ahaghị ala na oke oke ahụ.
• Direct mmerụ - a ọdịda na a ikpere ụkwụ na a nzọụkwụ.

Ọrịa na-adịkarị na-akpalite mmepe nke mkpali na-adịghị ala ala na usoro mmebi na anụ ahụ cartilage, nke na-eme ka ohere nke re-trauma dịkwuo elu.

Ihe kpatara nsogbu cartilage, nke na-eme ka o kwe omume nke mbibi traumatic, gụnyekwara:

1. ọrịa na-efe efe - rheumatism, brucellosis;
2. ugboro ugboro microtrauma na ndị egwuregwu bọọlụ, ndị egwuregwu basketball, ndị egwuregwu hockey;
3. mmanya na-adịghị ala ala na benzene, formaldehyde, vinyl chloride;
4. nsogbu metabolic - gout;
5. malfunctions nke endocrine system (ahaghị nhata nke uto hormone, estrogen na corticosteroids);
6. congenital pathologies (hypoplasia nke cartilage anụ ahụ, menisci, arịa nke nkwonkwo ikpere; ezughị ezu ligamentary insufficiency).

Mgbe afọ 40 gasịrị, usoro mmebi ihe bụ ihe kachasị akpata ọrịa a na-akpọ aha (menisci na-efunahụ ike ma na-enwekarị mmetụta nke traumatic).

N'inye ihe a dị n'elu, ọtụtụ ndị edemede na-ekewa meniscus anya mmiri na:

• trauma;
• mmebi (gosipụta mgbe ị na-emegharị ahụ ma ọ bụ ibu dị ntakịrị, a na-ehichapụ ihe osise ahụ).

Nkọwa nke mgbanwe na ogo ha

Mmebi zuru ezu ma ọ bụ ele mmadụ anya n'ihu, yana ma ọ bụ na-enweghị mwepụ, n'ime ahụ, ma ọ bụ na mpi ihu ma ọ bụ nke mpi. N'iburu n'uche ọdịdị ahụ, a na-ekeji oge izu:

1. ogologo oge;
2. kehoraizin;
3. radial;
4. site n'ụdị "ịgbara mmiri nwere ike ijikwa";
5. patchwork;
6. patchwork kwụ.

Dika nkenke, dika data MRI si di, ngbanwe ano di iche bu ndi di iche:

Mgbaàmà

Ihe ịrịba ama nke pathology dịgasị iche dabere na oge ya, yana oke njọ nke mmebi ahụ.

Kedu ọkachamara ịkpọtụrụ

Kwesịrị ịkpọtụrụ dọkịta na-awa ma ọ bụ ọkachamara n'ịkpụ traktato.

Ihe nyocha

A na-eme nchoputa ahụ na anamnesis (eziokwu nke mmerụ ahụ), data nyocha (yana ule ịwa ahụ), mkpesa ndị ọrịa na nsonaazụ nke usoro nyocha nke ngwaọrụ.

Can nwere ike gosi nchoputa ya na:

• X-ray, ikwe ka a mata mmebi (a ga-enwe ọmụmụ ihe ahụ na iche); uru nke ihe omumu na ewepu mmeghari nke okpukpu okpukpu;
• MRI, nke ejiri oke nkenke mara ma e jiri ya tụnyere redio;
• A na-eji CT, nke na-erughị ihe ọmụma karịa MRI, mgbe nke ikpeazụ agaghị ekwe omume;
• Ultrasound, nke na-eme ka o kwe omume ịchọpụta ma chọpụta ogo mmebi nke akụkụ anụ ahụ jikọtara;
• arthroscopy, na-enye ohere:
  • jiri anya nke uche hụ trauma;
  • wepụ iberibe cartilage mebiri emebi;
  • iwebata ọgwụ.

Ọgwụgwọ

Ọ bụ ọtụtụ-ogbo. A na-ahọrọ ya n'otu n'otu.

Na nnukwu oge na-egosi:

1. ọkpọ nke articular akpa na mmiri nke ọbara, ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụla;
2. izu ike na ịkwagharị ụkwụ na ngbanwe dị ukwuu na nkwenye nke dibịa na-aga (enwere ike iji ihe nkedo); ya na radial na-abaghị uru ma ọ bụ nkwụsị nke mpi ahụ, egosighi ịgba ọtọ zuru oke n'ihi ihe egwu nke nkwekọrịta (a na-eji bandeeji nrụgide site na bandeeji na-agbanwe);
3. na-akụ ọgwụ mgbu (Ibuprofen, Ketanol, Diclofenac);
4. ije na mkpanaka iji belata ibu na nkwonkwo mebiri emebi;
5. n'ụbọchị mmerụ - oyi dị n'ime obodo, nye ụkwụ ka ọnọdụ dị elu.

Ọzọ họpụtara:

• Mgbatị ahụ;
• ịhịa aka n'ahụ;
• physiotherapy (UHF ọgwụ, microwave, laser, magnetotherapy, hydrotherapy, electromyostimulation, ultrasound, hirudotherapy, electrophoresis);
• chondroprotectors (glucosamine, chondroitin sulfate).

Gra Fotographee.eu - stock.adobe.com. Mmega mmega.

A na-etinye aka ịwa ahụ ma ọ bụrụ na achọpụta:

• nkwụsị nke anụ ahụ na mpi nke meniscus (ọtụtụ mgbe enwere mgbawa nke mpi mpi nke meniscus medial, na-esonyere ya na crunch n'oge squats);
• mgbapu nke meniscus na mwepụ ya na-esote;
• na-akụpịa meniscus;
• enweghi nsonaazụ site na ọgwụgwọ mgbanwe.

Ihe kachasị gbasaa bụ ịwa ahụ na ịchekwa meniscus site na suture na usoro pụrụ iche. A na-eme ka ịnweta anụ ahụ mebiri emebi site na iji usoro mepere emepe ma ọ bụ iji arthroscope.

Plastic ịwa ahụ bụ omume bụrụ na nkewa si nkwonkwo Capsule ma ọ bụ longitudinal na elu vetikal ruptures. Ohere nke ịga nke ọma na-adị elu karịa mmerụ ọhụrụ na onye ọrịa nọ n'okpuru afọ 40.

As romaset - ngwaahịa.adobe.com

A na-eji ntinye akụkụ nke Meniscus maka mbibi zuru oke nke anụ ahụ cartilage. A na-eji aka edozi ma ọ bụ na-ekpuchi ya. Enwere data ederede na mmepe nke aka aka.

Ogologo oge ọrụ ahụ dị ihe dị ka awa 2.

Ihe omumu a na-akawanye njọ mgbe enwere nnukwu iberibe ma obu mmeghari cartilage amalitela - ihe ngosi zuru oke maka meniscus extrusion.

Mmega mmega

Iji gbochie hypotrophy nke akwara ụkwụ, mee ka akwara ligamentous dị ike ma mee ka menisci ahụ dịkwuo mma, egosiri usoro ọgwụgwọ. Ekwesịrị ịchaji ọtụtụ ugboro n'ụbọchị. Oge mmega ahụ nwere ike ịbụ 20-30 nkeji.

Dị mmega	Nkọwa	Ngosiputa foto
Na-agba bọl	Ikwesiri iguzo na azu gi na mgbidi, jide bọọlụ n’etiti ikpere gị. Ikwesiri ịnọdụ ala nwayọ, gbuo ikpere gị.
Nzọụkwụ	Otu ụkwụ ka emere n’elu ikpo okwu, nke ọzọ fọdụ n’ala. Ekwesịrị ịgbanwe ọnọdụ ụkwụ otu otu.
Gbatia	Kwụ merụrụ ahụ agbada na ikpere, ụkwụ na-emerụ ahụ n'azụ, wee jiri nwayọ gbadata n'ala.
Ngabiga na iguzogide	Jide nkwado gị na aka gị, ụkwụ merụrụ ahụ na-amalite na ahụike dị iche iche n'akụkụ dị iche iche.

Ntụnye nke S.M Bubnovsky

A na-ekezi ihe omume ndị a ụzọ dị mfe ma sie ike:

• Dị Mfe. A na-etinye ice a gweriri agbacha na akwa nke na-agbanye ikpere. Shouldkwesịrị ịkwaga na ikpere gị, jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ na-amụba ọnụ ọgụgụ nke nzọụkwụ na 15. Mgbe ị wepụsịrị ice ahụ, gbuo ikpere n'ala ma gbalịa ịdata ụkwụ gị na ikiri ụkwụ gị, jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ na-abawanye oge ịnọ ọdụ na minit 5 (na mbido, ịnwere ike itinye ute n'okpuru buttocks). Mgbe ahụ gbatịa ụkwụ gị n'ihu, were aka gị jide otu ụkwụ.

• Mgbagwoju:
  • Squats. Ikpere aka n'akụkụ 90 Celsius. Azụ kwụ ọtọ. Egbula. Akwere ya iji nkwado. Dr. Bubnovsky na-atụ aro ka ịme squats 20 n'otu ụzọ. Ekwesịrị ịnwe ọ dịkarịa ala 5 na-eru nso kwa ụbọchị.

• Bilie na ikpere gị, gbatịa aka gị n'ihu gị. Gbadata, na-emetụ ala na isi.

• Gha ụgha n'afọ gị, jikọtara nkwonkwo ụkwụ gị, na-adọta ụkwụ gị n'akụkụ gị, na-emetụ ha n'ikiri ụkwụ.

• Dina n'azụ gị, gbatịa aka gị n'akụkụ ahụ gị ma gbuo ikpere gị na ntụgharị. Na-ebulighị ikiri ụkwụ gị n’ala, dọrọ ha ruo n’akụkụ gị, na-enyere aka gị aka.

Mgbanwe na ọrụ agha

N'ebe a na-emezigharị mgbe a wachara gị ahụ, a na-atụ aro ka ị belata ibu na nkwonkwo ikpere maka ọnwa 6-12. Dabere na njirimara nke ọrụ a rụrụ, atụmatụ dị iche iche nke usoro mmega ahụ, ERT na ịhịa aka n'ahụ nwere ike iji mee ihe. N'ime ọgwụ, edepụtara NSAID na chondroprotectors.

Ọ bụrụ na ndị agha merụrụ ahụ meniscus tupu a gụọ ha, a ga-ahapụ igbu oge ọnwa isii maka ọgwụgwọ. Enweghị ike na-eduga na ịhapụ ọrụ agha:

• ikpere nkwonkwo 2-3 ogo;
• na dislocations dịkarịa ala ugboro 3 na ọnwa 12;
• achọpụta n'ụzọ pụrụ iche.

Ije ozi na ndị agha chọrọ mgbake zuru oke site na nsonaazụ nke mmerụ ahụ.

Lelee vidiyo ahụ: Arthroscopic Meniscus Repair (January 2025).